Bhagavad-gītā 2.18

Explain simply

Speaker: Śrī Kṛṣṇa

अन्तवन्त इमे देहा नित्यस्योक्ताः शरीरिणः ।
अनाशिनोऽप्रमेयस्य तस्माद्युध्यस्व भारत ॥१८॥

antavanta ime dehā
nityasyoktāḥ śarīriṇaḥ
anāśino 'prameyasya
tasmād yudhyasva bhārata

Word for word (synonyms)

antavantaḥ
perishable
ime
all these
dehāḥ
material bodies
nityasya
eternal in existence
uktāḥ
it is so said
sarīriṇaḥ
the embodied souls
anāśinaḥ
never to be destroyed
aprameyasya
immeasurable
tasmāt
therefore
yudhyasva
fight
bhārata
O descendant of Bharata

Translation

Only the material body of the indestructible, immeasurable and eternal living entity is subject to destruction; therefore, fight, O descendant of Bharata.

Purport

Other scriptures cited in this purport: Vedānta-sūtra

The material body is perishable by nature. It may perish immediately, or it may do so after a hundred years. It is a question of time only. There is no chance of maintaining it indefinitely. But the spirit soul is so minute that it cannot even be seen by an enemy, to say nothing of being killed. As mentioned in the previous verse, it is so small that no one can have any idea how to measure its dimension. So from both viewpoints there is no cause of lamentation because the living entity can neither be killed as he is, nor can the material body, which cannot be saved for any length of time, be permanently protected. The minute particle of the whole spirit acquires this material body according to his work, and therefore observance of religious principles should be utilized. In the Vedānta-sūtras the living entity is qualified as light because he is part and parcel of the supreme light. As sunlight maintains the entire universe, so the light of the soul maintains this material body. As soon as the spirit soul is out of this material body, the body begins to decompose; therefore it is the spirit soul which maintains this body. The body itself is unimportant. Arjuna was advised to fight and sacrifice the material body for the cause of religion.

What this verse teaches

The soul never dies and the body is perishable. Changing bodies is similar to changing clothes.

In thematic compilations 2

Soul and Transmigration

  • For more characteristics of the soul see 2.16-25 in the overview section.

The Five Topics

  • The jīva is an eternal individual, never subjected to birth or death (2.16-21)
Śrīla Prabhupāda lectures 2

Bhagavad-gītā As It Is by His Divine Grace A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda © The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust International.