Bhagavad-gītā 3.42

Explain simply

Speaker: Śrī Kṛṣṇa

इन्द्रियाणि पराण्याहुरिन्द्रियेभ्यः परं मनः ।
मनसस्तु परा बुद्धिर्यो बुद्धेः परतस्तु सः ॥४२॥

indriyāṇi parāṇy āhur
indriyebhyaḥ paraṁ manaḥ
manasas tu parā buddhir
yo buddheḥ paratas tu saḥ

Word for word (synonyms)

indriyāṇī
senses
parāṇi
superior
āhuḥ
is said
indriyebhyaḥ
more than the senses
param
superior
manaḥ
the mind
manasaḥ
more than the mind
tu
also
parā
superior
buddhiḥ
intelligence
yaḥ
one which
buddheḥ
more than the intelligence
parataḥ
superior
tu
but
saḥ
he

Translation

The working senses are superior to dull matter; mind is higher than the senses; intelligence is still higher than the mind; and he [the soul] is even higher than the intelligence.

Purport

Other scriptures cited in this purport: Kaṭha Upaniṣad

The senses are different outlets for the activities of lust. Lust is reserved within the body, but it is given vent through the senses. Therefore, the senses are superior to the body as a whole. These outlets are not in use when there is superior consciousness, or Kṛṣṇa consciousness. In Kṛṣṇa consciousness the soul makes direct connection with the Supreme Personality of Godhead; therefore the bodily functions, as described here, ultimately end in the Supreme Soul. Bodily action means the functions of the senses, and stopping the senses means stopping all bodily actions. But since the mind is active, then, even though the body may be silent and at rest, the mind will act—as it does during dreaming. But, above the mind there is the determination of the intelligence, and above the intelligence is the soul proper. If, therefore, the soul is directly engaged with the Supreme, naturally all other subordinates, namely, the intelligence, mind and the senses, will be automatically engaged. In the Kaṭha Upaniṣad there is a passage in which it is said that the objects of sense gratification are superior to the senses, and mind is superior to the sense objects. If, therefore, the mind is directly engaged in the service of the Lord constantly, then there is no chance of the senses becoming engaged in other ways. This mental attitude has already been explained. If the mind is engaged in the transcendental service of the Lord, there is no chance of its being engaged in the lower propensities. In the Kaṭha Upaniṣad the soul has been described as mahān, the great. Therefore the soul is above all—namely, the sense objects, the senses, the mind and the intelligence. Therefore, directly understanding the constitutional position of the soul is the solution of the whole problem.

With intelligence one has to seek out the constitutional position of the soul and then engage the mind always in Kṛṣṇa consciousness. That solves the whole problem. A neophyte spiritualist is generally advised to keep aloof from the objects of senses. One has to strengthen the mind by use of intelligence. If by intelligence one engages one's mind in Kṛṣṇa consciousness, by complete surrender unto the Supreme Personality of Godhead, then, automatically, the mind becomes stronger, and even though the senses are very strong, like serpents, they will be no more effective than serpents with broken fangs. But even though the soul is the master of intelligence and mind, and the senses also, still, unless it is strengthened by association with Kṛṣṇa in Kṛṣṇa consciousness, there is every chance of falling down due to the agitated mind.

What this verse teaches

One can conquer lust by regulating the senses and making the mind steady by deliberate spiritual intelligence.

This verse in a ladder 1
The ladder of the self Bhagavad-gītā 3.42
  1. dull matter 3.42
  2. The working senses 3.42
  3. mind 3.42
  4. intelligence 3.42
  5. he [the soul] 3.42

All ladders of the Gītā

In thematic compilations 1

Self-control

  • Hierarchy: Intelligence is higher than the mind, which is higher than the senses (3.42 indriyāṇi parāṇy āhur...)
  • By deliberate spiritual intelligence one can control mind and senses (3.42 indriyāṇi parāṇy āhur..., 3.43 evaṁ buddheḥ paraṁ buddhvā...)
Śrīla Prabhupāda lectures 1

Bhagavad-gītā As It Is by His Divine Grace A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupāda © The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust International.